Moral conscience from the point of view of Allameh Mohammad Taqi Jafari: an epistemological study

Conscience can be discussed from various semantic, ontological, and epistemological aspects, and in the epistemology of conscience, there are many topics, including the conscience's knowledge of moral goodness and ugliness. Is it possible to consider conscience as one of the ways of knowing moral rules? What are the characteristics of knowledge of moral conscience and how is it different from intellectual knowledge? What are its types and What is the value of knowledge of conscience? Using the works and thoughts of Allameh Jafari, this article answered the mentioned questions and reached the results that conscience is either the human soul or one of the powers of the soul. In the second case, either the motivational faculty is meant or the perceptive faculty. In the second case, his knowledge is either Hosooli or Hozoori. In the case of achievement, if it is in accordance with reality, it is valid, and in the case of presence, due to the unity of the world with the known, it is impossible to make a mistake. Although the knowledge of conscience is personal, it does not lead to moral relativism due to the issuance of general rulings arising from the common nature of all human beings.