Comparing the two theories of religious science and religious experience in resolving the conflict between science and religion

Considering the increasing importance of science and the attempts of some opponents to create a conflict between science and religion and to trivialize religious issues and the effects of this debate on other human issues, including limiting the role of religion in social arenas, the present study aimed to explain and examine in a comparative manner the two theories of religious science and religious experience that have been proposed by two contemporary thinkers of the Islamic world; Ayatollah Javadi Amoli and Muhammad Iqbal Lahori in order to resolve the conflict between science and religion.According to the study, these two theories are similar in terms of: belief in the evolutionary compatibility of science and religion; their complementarity with each other; negation of the absolutism of empirical sciences; the possibility of resolving the apparent conflict between science and religion and the necessity of de-distorting incorrect transmitted rulings; but they are in opposition to each other in terms of realism or subjectivism, compatibility or incompatibility with the foundations of religious knowledge, compatibility or incompatibility with religious principles, cooperation or distinction between reason and revelation in the discovery of religion; the maximum role of reason and revelation in the development of sciences, the measurability or non-measurability of religion with the criteria of human experience, and the generality or specificity of the solution.